虛主詞it 用法與句型 |如何避免頭重腳輕的句子?

在寫作或口語中,我們常會遇到主詞很長的句子,造成頭重腳輕的情況,讓閱讀或聽話起來不順暢,這時候可以用 虛主詞it 來避免。

虛主詞it是有主詞功能但不含意思的主詞,用來避免主詞太長的句子或讓句型有變化。

以下介紹虛主詞it的用法與常用句型。一起來看看吧!

 

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虛主詞it 的用法

  1. 在使用時,英文會避免讓主詞太長,變成頭重腳輕的句子,造成失衡的感覺。這時候會用不含意思的虛主詞it代替真主詞,將真主詞移到最後面。
  2. 這種用法常見於主詞是名詞子句that + S + V或主詞是不定詞to V的情況。

 

虛主詞it的用法

 

虛主詞it的句型

I. It代替that子句:It is/V…+that+S+V

That the Earth revolves around the sun is true.

→ It is true that the Earth revolves around the sun.

(地球繞著太陽轉是真的。)

💡 主詞是that引導的名詞子句,太長,將真主詞用虛主詞It取代,移到句子最後面

 

That Meg ate five hamburgers is surprising.

→ It is surprising that Meg ate five hamburgers.

(Meg吃了五個漢堡很驚人。)

💡 主詞是that引導的名詞子句,太長,將真主詞用虛主詞It取代,移到句子最後面

 

That the goat can count is fake news.

→ It is fake news that the goat can count.

(羊會算數是假新聞。 )

 

 

That the famous director got divorced shocked many people.

→ It shocked many people that the famous director got divorced.

(名導演離婚的事情震驚了很多人。 )

 

II. It代替不定詞to V:It is/V…+to V

To study English is fun.

→ It is fun to study English.

(學英文很有趣。)

💡 主詞是to V引導的不定詞,太長,將真主詞用虛主詞It取代,移到句子最後面

 

To admit a mistake is not easy for most people.

→ It is not easy to admit a mistake.

(對很多人而言,要承認錯誤不容易。)

💡 主詞是to V引導的不定詞,太長,將真主詞用虛主詞It取代,移到句子最後面

 

To prevent the contagious disease from spreading is the primary concern of the government.

→ It is the primary concern of the government to prevent the contagious disease from spreading.

(防止高傳染的疾病散播是政府的主要考量。 )

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✏️牛刀小試 [正解在最後]

  1. ______ is interesting that colors can affect people’s appetite.
    (A) What
    (B) Which
    (C) It
    (D) That
  2. It  is understandable _______ all parents love their children.
    (A) what
    (B) to
    (C) that
    (D) which
  3. 每天運動十分鐘對你的健康有益。
    ______________________________

正解:

1. C

2. C

3. It benefits your health to exercise for 10 minutes every day.

 

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